Q. Warden’s procedure is used for? A. Sinus venosus type of ASD B. Ostium secundum ASD C. Ostium primum ASD D. Coronary sinus type ASD Answer: A. Sinus venosus type of ASD Explanation: Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is characterized by the failure of 1-3 pulmonary veins to incorporate within the developing left atrium. Most commonly right upper pulmonary vein is affected and connects to the superior vena cava. Sinus venosus ASD is typically associated with PAPVC. Warden’s procedure is used for correction of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) to prevent the stenosis of pulmonary veins or vena cava.
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