What is third Mogul sign? (20)

It refers to an extra mogul or bump along the upper left cardiac silhouette just below the left main bronchus in CXR.

CAUSES in order of importance:-

1-enlargement of LA Appendage

2-Partial pericardial defect

3-Right ventricular outflow tract dilatation as in Ebstein, EMF, Post TOF repair

4-Asymmetric septal hypertrophy

5-Pericardial hydatid

6-LV aneurysm (mycotic which usually involves the free wall)

7-Coronary artery aneurysm

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ECG Spotter

What is the diagnosis? Click the button below to view answer: Show Answer

Cardiology MCQ Q. Which of the following leads is not an inferior lead in ECG? A. Lead II B. Lead III C. Lead aVF D. Lead aVR Click the button below to view answer Show answer Correct answer is option D. Lead aVR

ST segment and T wave changes

What is the cause of ST changes and T wave inversions in this ECG? Should the patient be taken to Cath lab for coronary angiography? Show Answer These ST segment and T wave changes are secondary to left ventricular hypertrophy. There are classical features of left ventricular hypertrophy in this ECG which should not be missed. Hence, if the patient doesn't have any other features which suggest ischemia, then he should undergo evaluation for cause of left ventricular hypertrophy. The most common cause for left ventricular hypertrophy is hypertension.

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